upskill-event-manager/includes/class-hvac-security-helpers.php

<?php
/**
 * HVAC Security Helpers
 *
 * Centralized security functions for the HVAC Community Events plugin
 *
 * @package HVAC_Community_Events
 * @since 2.1.0
 */

if (!defined('ABSPATH')) {
    exit;
}

/**
 * HVAC_Security_Helpers class
 */
class HVAC_Security_Helpers {
    
    /**
     * Check if user has HVAC trainer role
     *
     * @param int|null $user_id User ID (null for current user)
     * @return bool
     */
    public static function is_hvac_trainer($user_id = null) {
        $user = $user_id ? get_user_by('id', $user_id) : wp_get_current_user();
        if (!$user) {
            return false;
        }
        
        return in_array('hvac_trainer', $user->roles) || 
               in_array('hvac_master_trainer', $user->roles) || 
               user_can($user, 'manage_options');
    }
    
    /**
     * Check if user has HVAC master trainer role
     *
     * @param int|null $user_id User ID (null for current user)
     * @return bool
     */
    public static function is_hvac_master_trainer($user_id = null) {
        $user = $user_id ? get_user_by('id', $user_id) : wp_get_current_user();
        if (!$user) {
            return false;
        }
        
        return in_array('hvac_master_trainer', $user->roles) || 
               user_can($user, 'manage_options');
    }
    
    /**
     * Sanitize and validate superglobal input
     *
     * @param string $type 'GET', 'POST', 'REQUEST', 'COOKIE', 'SERVER'
     * @param string $key The key to retrieve
     * @param string $sanitize Sanitization function to use
     * @param mixed $default Default value if not set
     * @return mixed Sanitized value
     */
    public static function get_input($type, $key, $sanitize = 'sanitize_text_field', $default = '') {
        $superglobal = null;
        
        switch (strtoupper($type)) {
            case 'GET':
                $superglobal = $_GET;
                break;
            case 'POST':
                $superglobal = $_POST;
                break;
            case 'REQUEST':
                $superglobal = $_REQUEST;
                break;
            case 'COOKIE':
                $superglobal = $_COOKIE;
                break;
            case 'SERVER':
                $superglobal = $_SERVER;
                break;
            default:
                return $default;
        }
        
        if (!isset($superglobal[$key])) {
            return $default;
        }
        
        $value = $superglobal[$key];
        
        // Handle arrays
        if (is_array($value)) {
            return array_map($sanitize, $value);
        }
        
        // Apply sanitization
        switch ($sanitize) {
            case 'absint':
                return absint($value);
            case 'intval':
                return intval($value);
            case 'sanitize_email':
                return sanitize_email($value);
            case 'sanitize_url':
            case 'esc_url_raw':
                return esc_url_raw($value);
            case 'sanitize_text_field':
                return sanitize_text_field($value);
            case 'sanitize_textarea_field':
                return sanitize_textarea_field($value);
            case 'wp_kses_post':
                return wp_kses_post($value);
            case 'none':
                return $value; // Use with extreme caution
            default:
                return sanitize_text_field($value);
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Validate file upload
     *
     * @param array $file $_FILES array element
     * @param array $allowed_types Allowed MIME types
     * @param int $max_size Maximum file size in bytes
     * @return bool|WP_Error True if valid, WP_Error on failure
     */
    public static function validate_file_upload($file, $allowed_types = array(), $max_size = 5242880) {
        // Check if file was uploaded
        if (!isset($file) || $file['error'] !== UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
            return new WP_Error('upload_error', 'File upload failed');
        }
        
        // Security check
        if (!is_uploaded_file($file['tmp_name'])) {
            return new WP_Error('security_error', 'Invalid file upload');
        }
        
        // Check file size
        if ($file['size'] > $max_size) {
            return new WP_Error('size_error', sprintf('File too large. Maximum size is %s', size_format($max_size)));
        }
        
        // Check file type
        if (!empty($allowed_types)) {
            $file_type = wp_check_filetype($file['name']);
            if (!in_array($file_type['type'], $allowed_types)) {
                return new WP_Error('type_error', 'Invalid file type');
            }
        }
        
        return true;
    }
    
    /**
     * Generate secure nonce field
     *
     * @param string $action Nonce action
     * @param string $name Nonce field name
     * @return string HTML nonce field
     */
    public static function nonce_field($action, $name = '_wpnonce') {
        return wp_nonce_field($action, $name, true, false);
    }
    
    /**
     * Verify nonce from request
     *
     * @param string $action Nonce action
     * @param string $name Nonce field name
     * @param string $type Request type (GET, POST)
     * @return bool
     */
    public static function verify_nonce($action, $name = '_wpnonce', $type = 'POST') {
        $nonce = self::get_input($type, $name, 'sanitize_text_field', '');
        return wp_verify_nonce($nonce, $action);
    }
    
    /**
     * Check AJAX referer with proper error handling
     *
     * @param string $action Nonce action
     * @param string $query_arg Nonce query argument
     * @return bool
     */
    public static function check_ajax_nonce($action, $query_arg = 'nonce') {
        if (!check_ajax_referer($action, $query_arg, false)) {
            wp_send_json_error('Security check failed');
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
    
    /**
     * Escape output based on context
     *
     * @param mixed $data Data to escape
     * @param string $context Context: 'html', 'attr', 'url', 'js', 'textarea'
     * @return string Escaped data
     */
    public static function escape($data, $context = 'html') {
        if (is_array($data) || is_object($data)) {
            return '';
        }
        
        switch ($context) {
            case 'html':
                return esc_html($data);
            case 'attr':
                return esc_attr($data);
            case 'url':
                return esc_url($data);
            case 'js':
                return esc_js($data);
            case 'textarea':
                return esc_textarea($data);
            default:
                return esc_html($data);
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Validate and sanitize email
     *
     * @param string $email Email address
     * @return string|false Sanitized email or false if invalid
     */
    public static function validate_email($email) {
        $email = sanitize_email($email);
        return is_email($email) ? $email : false;
    }
    
    /**
     * Add security headers
     */
    public static function add_security_headers() {
        // Content Security Policy
        header("Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self' https: data: 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'");
        
        // X-Frame-Options
        header("X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN");
        
        // X-Content-Type-Options
        header("X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff");
        
        // X-XSS-Protection
        header("X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block");
        
        // Referrer Policy
        header("Referrer-Policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin");
    }
    
    /**
     * Rate limiting check
     *
     * @param string $action Action identifier
     * @param int $max_attempts Maximum attempts allowed
     * @param int $window Time window in seconds
     * @return bool True if allowed, false if rate limited
     */
    public static function check_rate_limit($action, $max_attempts = 5, $window = 60) {
        $user_id = get_current_user_id();
        $ip = self::get_client_ip();
        $key = 'hvac_rate_limit_' . md5($action . '_' . $user_id . '_' . $ip);
        
        $attempts = get_transient($key);
        
        if ($attempts === false) {
            set_transient($key, 1, $window);
            return true;
        }
        
        if ($attempts >= $max_attempts) {
            return false;
        }
        
        set_transient($key, $attempts + 1, $window);
        return true;
    }
    
    /**
     * Get client IP address
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function get_client_ip() {
        $ip_keys = array('HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP', 'HTTP_CLIENT_IP', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR', 'REMOTE_ADDR');
        
        foreach ($ip_keys as $key) {
            if (array_key_exists($key, $_SERVER) === true) {
                $ips = explode(',', $_SERVER[$key]);
                foreach ($ips as $ip) {
                    $ip = trim($ip);
                    if (filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE) !== false) {
                        return $ip;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        return isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) ? $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] : '0.0.0.0';
    }
    
    /**
     * Log security events
     *
     * @param string $event Event type
     * @param array $data Event data
     */
    public static function log_security_event($event, $data = array()) {
        $log_data = array(
            'event' => $event,
            'timestamp' => current_time('mysql'),
            'user_id' => get_current_user_id(),
            'ip' => self::get_client_ip(),
            'user_agent' => isset($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']) ? $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] : '',
            'data' => $data
        );
        
        // Log to database or file
        error_log('[HVAC Security] ' . json_encode($log_data));
        
        // You can also save to database if needed
        if (defined('HVAC_SECURITY_LOG_TO_DB') && HVAC_SECURITY_LOG_TO_DB) {
            global $wpdb;
            $table = $wpdb->prefix . 'hvac_security_log';
            $wpdb->insert($table, array(
                'event_type' => $event,
                'event_data' => json_encode($data),
                'user_id' => get_current_user_id(),
                'ip_address' => self::get_client_ip(),
                'created_at' => current_time('mysql')
            ));
        }
    }
}