upskill-event-manager/includes/class-hvac-error-recovery.php

<?php
/**
 * HVAC Error Recovery System
 * 
 * Provides automatic error recovery and graceful degradation for plugin functionality
 * 
 * @package HVAC_Community_Events
 * @since 1.0.8
 */

if (!defined('ABSPATH')) {
    exit;
}

/**
 * HVAC_Error_Recovery class
 */
class HVAC_Error_Recovery {
    
    /**
     * Recovery strategies
     */
    const STRATEGY_RETRY = 'retry';
    const STRATEGY_FALLBACK = 'fallback';
    const STRATEGY_GRACEFUL_FAIL = 'graceful_fail';
    const STRATEGY_CIRCUIT_BREAKER = 'circuit_breaker';
    
    /**
     * Error tracking
     */
    private static $error_counts = [];
    private static $circuit_breakers = [];
    
    /**
     * Recovery configuration
     */
    private static $recovery_config = [
        'database_query' => [
            'strategy' => self::STRATEGY_RETRY,
            'max_attempts' => 3,
            'backoff_multiplier' => 2,
            'fallback_callback' => null
        ],
        'cache_operation' => [
            'strategy' => self::STRATEGY_FALLBACK,
            'max_attempts' => 2,
            'fallback_callback' => 'skip_cache'
        ],
        'external_api' => [
            'strategy' => self::STRATEGY_CIRCUIT_BREAKER,
            'max_failures' => 5,
            'timeout' => 300, // 5 minutes
            'fallback_callback' => 'use_cached_data'
        ],
        'file_operation' => [
            'strategy' => self::STRATEGY_GRACEFUL_FAIL,
            'max_attempts' => 2,
            'fallback_callback' => 'log_and_continue'
        ]
    ];
    
    /**
     * Initialize error recovery system
     */
    public static function init() {
        // Set custom error handler for plugin operations
        add_action('init', [__CLASS__, 'setup_error_handling']);
        
        // Hook into WordPress error handling
        add_action('wp_die_handler', [__CLASS__, 'handle_wp_die'], 10, 1);
        
        // Monitor and recover from specific plugin errors
        add_action('hvac_operation_failed', [__CLASS__, 'handle_operation_failure'], 10, 3);
        
        // Admin interface for error recovery stats
        if (is_admin()) {
            add_action('admin_menu', [__CLASS__, 'add_admin_menu']);
        }
        
        // Cleanup old error data
        add_action('wp_scheduled_delete', [__CLASS__, 'cleanup_old_errors']);
    }
    
    /**
     * Setup error handling
     */
    public static function setup_error_handling() {
        // Only set error handler for plugin operations
        if (self::is_plugin_context()) {
            set_error_handler([__CLASS__, 'handle_php_error'], E_ALL);
            register_shutdown_function([__CLASS__, 'handle_fatal_error']);
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Check if we're in plugin context
     */
    private static function is_plugin_context() {
        $backtrace = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS, 10);
        
        foreach ($backtrace as $trace) {
            $file = $trace['file'] ?? '';
            if (strpos($file, 'hvac-community-events') !== false) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        
        return false;
    }
    
    /**
     * Execute operation with error recovery
     * 
     * @param string $operation_type Type of operation
     * @param callable $callback Operation callback
     * @param array $args Operation arguments
     * @return mixed Operation result or fallback
     */
    public static function execute_with_recovery($operation_type, $callback, $args = []) {
        $config = self::$recovery_config[$operation_type] ?? self::$recovery_config['file_operation'];
        $attempt = 0;
        $last_error = null;
        
        // Check circuit breaker
        if ($config['strategy'] === self::STRATEGY_CIRCUIT_BREAKER) {
            if (self::is_circuit_open($operation_type)) {
                return self::execute_fallback($operation_type, $config, $args);
            }
        }
        
        while ($attempt < ($config['max_attempts'] ?? 1)) {
            $attempt++;
            
            try {
                // Execute operation
                $result = call_user_func_array($callback, $args);
                
                // Reset error count on success
                self::reset_error_count($operation_type);
                
                return $result;
                
            } catch (Exception $e) {
                $last_error = $e;
                
                // Increment error count
                self::increment_error_count($operation_type);
                
                // Log error
                HVAC_Logger::warning(
                    "Operation failed (attempt $attempt): {$e->getMessage()}",
                    'Error Recovery'
                );
                
                // Apply recovery strategy
                if ($attempt < ($config['max_attempts'] ?? 1)) {
                    switch ($config['strategy']) {
                        case self::STRATEGY_RETRY:
                            $delay = ($config['backoff_multiplier'] ?? 1) * $attempt;
                            sleep($delay);
                            break;
                            
                        case self::STRATEGY_CIRCUIT_BREAKER:
                            if (self::should_open_circuit($operation_type)) {
                                self::open_circuit($operation_type, $config['timeout'] ?? 300);
                                return self::execute_fallback($operation_type, $config, $args);
                            }
                            break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        // All attempts failed - execute fallback or fail gracefully
        return self::handle_final_failure($operation_type, $config, $last_error, $args);
    }
    
    /**
     * Handle final operation failure
     */
    private static function handle_final_failure($operation_type, $config, $error, $args) {
        HVAC_Logger::error(
            "Operation $operation_type failed after all attempts: " . $error->getMessage(),
            'Error Recovery'
        );
        
        switch ($config['strategy']) {
            case self::STRATEGY_FALLBACK:
            case self::STRATEGY_CIRCUIT_BREAKER:
                return self::execute_fallback($operation_type, $config, $args);
                
            case self::STRATEGY_GRACEFUL_FAIL:
                // Return safe default value
                return self::get_safe_default($operation_type);
                
            default:
                // Re-throw exception for retry strategy
                throw $error;
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Execute fallback operation
     */
    private static function execute_fallback($operation_type, $config, $args) {
        $fallback = $config['fallback_callback'] ?? null;
        
        if (!$fallback) {
            return self::get_safe_default($operation_type);
        }
        
        try {
            if (is_string($fallback) && method_exists(__CLASS__, $fallback)) {
                return call_user_func([__CLASS__, $fallback], $operation_type, $args);
            } elseif (is_callable($fallback)) {
                return call_user_func_array($fallback, $args);
            }
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            HVAC_Logger::error(
                "Fallback also failed for $operation_type: " . $e->getMessage(),
                'Error Recovery'
            );
        }
        
        return self::get_safe_default($operation_type);
    }
    
    /**
     * Get safe default value for operation type
     */
    private static function get_safe_default($operation_type) {
        $defaults = [
            'database_query' => [],
            'cache_operation' => null,
            'external_api' => ['error' => 'Service temporarily unavailable'],
            'file_operation' => false
        ];
        
        return $defaults[$operation_type] ?? null;
    }
    
    /**
     * Circuit breaker management
     */
    private static function is_circuit_open($operation_type) {
        return isset(self::$circuit_breakers[$operation_type]) && 
               self::$circuit_breakers[$operation_type] > time();
    }
    
    private static function should_open_circuit($operation_type) {
        $error_count = self::get_error_count($operation_type);
        $config = self::$recovery_config[$operation_type] ?? [];
        
        return $error_count >= ($config['max_failures'] ?? 5);
    }
    
    private static function open_circuit($operation_type, $timeout) {
        self::$circuit_breakers[$operation_type] = time() + $timeout;
        update_option('hvac_circuit_breakers', self::$circuit_breakers);
        
        HVAC_Logger::warning(
            "Circuit breaker opened for $operation_type (timeout: {$timeout}s)",
            'Error Recovery'
        );
    }
    
    /**
     * Error counting
     */
    private static function increment_error_count($operation_type) {
        if (!isset(self::$error_counts[$operation_type])) {
            self::$error_counts[$operation_type] = 0;
        }
        
        self::$error_counts[$operation_type]++;
        update_option('hvac_error_counts', self::$error_counts);
    }
    
    private static function get_error_count($operation_type) {
        if (empty(self::$error_counts)) {
            self::$error_counts = get_option('hvac_error_counts', []);
        }
        
        return self::$error_counts[$operation_type] ?? 0;
    }
    
    private static function reset_error_count($operation_type) {
        self::$error_counts[$operation_type] = 0;
        update_option('hvac_error_counts', self::$error_counts);
    }
    
    /**
     * Fallback implementations
     */
    public static function skip_cache($operation_type, $args) {
        HVAC_Logger::info("Cache operation skipped due to errors", 'Error Recovery');
        return null;
    }
    
    public static function use_cached_data($operation_type, $args) {
        // Try to get stale cached data
        $cache_key = 'hvac_fallback_' . md5($operation_type . serialize($args));
        $cached_data = get_transient($cache_key);
        
        if ($cached_data !== false) {
            HVAC_Logger::info("Using stale cached data for $operation_type", 'Error Recovery');
            return $cached_data;
        }
        
        return self::get_safe_default($operation_type);
    }
    
    public static function log_and_continue($operation_type, $args) {
        HVAC_Logger::info("Continuing after failed $operation_type", 'Error Recovery');
        return true;
    }
    
    /**
     * Handle PHP errors
     */
    public static function handle_php_error($severity, $message, $file, $line) {
        // Only handle errors from plugin files
        if (strpos($file, 'hvac-community-events') === false) {
            return false;
        }
        
        $error_types = [
            E_ERROR => 'Error',
            E_WARNING => 'Warning',
            E_NOTICE => 'Notice',
            E_USER_ERROR => 'User Error',
            E_USER_WARNING => 'User Warning',
            E_USER_NOTICE => 'User Notice'
        ];
        
        $error_type = $error_types[$severity] ?? 'Unknown';
        
        HVAC_Logger::error(
            "PHP $error_type: $message in $file:$line",
            'Error Recovery'
        );
        
        // Don't execute PHP internal error handler
        return true;
    }
    
    /**
     * Handle fatal errors
     */
    public static function handle_fatal_error() {
        $error = error_get_last();
        
        if ($error && in_array($error['type'], [E_ERROR, E_CORE_ERROR, E_COMPILE_ERROR, E_PARSE])) {
            // Only handle fatal errors from plugin files
            if (strpos($error['file'], 'hvac-community-events') !== false) {
                HVAC_Logger::error(
                    "Fatal Error: {$error['message']} in {$error['file']}:{$error['line']}",
                    'Error Recovery'
                );
                
                // Attempt to recover by disabling problematic functionality
                self::emergency_recovery($error);
            }
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Emergency recovery for fatal errors
     */
    private static function emergency_recovery($error) {
        // Create emergency flag to disable problematic functionality
        update_option('hvac_emergency_mode', [
            'enabled' => true,
            'error' => $error,
            'timestamp' => time()
        ]);
        
        // Send emergency notification
        $admin_email = get_option('admin_email');
        $site_name = get_bloginfo('name');
        
        wp_mail(
            $admin_email,
            "[$site_name] HVAC Plugin Emergency Mode Activated",
            "A fatal error occurred in the HVAC plugin and emergency mode has been activated.\n\n" .
            "Error: {$error['message']}\n" .
            "File: {$error['file']}:{$error['line']}\n\n" .
            "Please check the plugin status and contact support if needed."
        );
    }
    
    /**
     * Check if emergency mode is active
     */
    public static function is_emergency_mode() {
        $emergency = get_option('hvac_emergency_mode', false);
        
        if (!$emergency || !$emergency['enabled']) {
            return false;
        }
        
        // Auto-disable after 24 hours
        if (time() - $emergency['timestamp'] > 86400) {
            delete_option('hvac_emergency_mode');
            return false;
        }
        
        return true;
    }
    
    /**
     * Disable emergency mode
     */
    public static function disable_emergency_mode() {
        delete_option('hvac_emergency_mode');
        HVAC_Logger::info('Emergency mode disabled', 'Error Recovery');
    }
    
    /**
     * Handle operation failure action
     */
    public static function handle_operation_failure($operation_type, $error_message, $context = []) {
        // This can be triggered by other parts of the plugin
        HVAC_Logger::warning(
            "Operation failure reported: $operation_type - $error_message",
            'Error Recovery'
        );
        
        self::increment_error_count($operation_type);
        
        // Check if circuit breaker should be triggered
        $config = self::$recovery_config[$operation_type] ?? [];
        if ($config['strategy'] === self::STRATEGY_CIRCUIT_BREAKER) {
            if (self::should_open_circuit($operation_type)) {
                self::open_circuit($operation_type, $config['timeout'] ?? 300);
            }
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Get error recovery statistics
     */
    public static function get_recovery_stats() {
        return [
            'error_counts' => get_option('hvac_error_counts', []),
            'circuit_breakers' => get_option('hvac_circuit_breakers', []),
            'emergency_mode' => get_option('hvac_emergency_mode', false)
        ];
    }
    
    /**
     * Cleanup old error data
     */
    public static function cleanup_old_errors() {
        // Reset error counts daily
        $last_reset = get_option('hvac_error_reset_time', 0);
        if (time() - $last_reset > 86400) { // 24 hours
            update_option('hvac_error_counts', []);
            update_option('hvac_error_reset_time', time());
        }
        
        // Clean up expired circuit breakers
        $circuit_breakers = get_option('hvac_circuit_breakers', []);
        $current_time = time();
        $updated = false;
        
        foreach ($circuit_breakers as $operation => $expiry) {
            if ($expiry < $current_time) {
                unset($circuit_breakers[$operation]);
                $updated = true;
            }
        }
        
        if ($updated) {
            update_option('hvac_circuit_breakers', $circuit_breakers);
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Add admin menu
     */
    public static function add_admin_menu() {
        if (current_user_can('manage_options')) {
            add_submenu_page(
                'tools.php',
                'HVAC Error Recovery',
                'HVAC Error Recovery',
                'manage_options',
                'hvac-error-recovery',
                [__CLASS__, 'admin_page']
            );
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Admin page
     */
    public static function admin_page() {
        $stats = self::get_recovery_stats();
        $emergency_mode = self::is_emergency_mode();
        
        ?>
        <div class="wrap">
            <h1>HVAC Error Recovery System</h1>
            
            <?php if ($emergency_mode): ?>
            <div class="notice notice-error">
                <p><strong>Emergency Mode Active</strong> - Some plugin functionality may be disabled due to critical errors.</p>
                <p>
                    <button type="button" class="button button-primary" onclick="disableEmergencyMode()">
                        Disable Emergency Mode
                    </button>
                </p>
            </div>
            <?php endif; ?>
            
            <div class="card">
                <h2>Error Statistics</h2>
                <table class="wp-list-table widefat fixed striped">
                    <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th>Operation Type</th>
                            <th>Error Count</th>
                            <th>Circuit Breaker</th>
                        </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody>
                        <?php if (empty($stats['error_counts'])): ?>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="3">No errors recorded</td>
                        </tr>
                        <?php else: ?>
                        <?php foreach ($stats['error_counts'] as $operation => $count): ?>
                        <tr>
                            <td><?php echo esc_html($operation); ?></td>
                            <td><?php echo esc_html($count); ?></td>
                            <td>
                                <?php 
                                $breaker_expiry = $stats['circuit_breakers'][$operation] ?? 0;
                                if ($breaker_expiry > time()) {
                                    echo 'OPEN (expires: ' . date('H:i:s', $breaker_expiry) . ')';
                                } else {
                                    echo 'CLOSED';
                                }
                                ?>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <?php endforeach; ?>
                        <?php endif; ?>
                    </tbody>
                </table>
            </div>
            
            <div class="card">
                <h2>Recovery Configuration</h2>
                <p>The error recovery system is configured with the following strategies:</p>
                <ul>
                    <li><strong>Database Queries:</strong> Retry with exponential backoff (3 attempts)</li>
                    <li><strong>Cache Operations:</strong> Skip and continue without caching</li>
                    <li><strong>External APIs:</strong> Circuit breaker with 5-minute timeout</li>
                    <li><strong>File Operations:</strong> Graceful failure with safe defaults</li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
        
        <script>
        function disableEmergencyMode() {
            if (confirm('Are you sure you want to disable emergency mode?')) {
                fetch(ajaxurl, {
                    method: 'POST',
                    body: new URLSearchParams({
                        action: 'hvac_disable_emergency_mode',
                        nonce: '<?php echo wp_create_nonce('hvac_emergency_mode'); ?>'
                    })
                })
                .then(response => response.json())
                .then(data => {
                    if (data.success) {
                        location.reload();
                    } else {
                        alert('Failed to disable emergency mode');
                    }
                });
            }
        }
        </script>
        <?php
    }
}